Biology Notes: Grade 12

Organic Chemistry Classification study of simple/ celluloid/complex C- multiforms petroleum products and by-products: constituent(a) puppet/vegetable, inorganic mineral (produced chemicals but now they are synthesized without having to extract, in any content carbonate & antiophthalmic factor; cyanide compounds) 6 common organic compounds in order of abundance from least to almost: S, P, N, O, C, H Bergelius Vital supposition: forces produce compounds in living things just now Vohler, German scientist: 1824, produced oxalic demigod COOH COOH & 1828 produced urea other scientists began to synthetically produce acetic acid, benzene lab Covalent coheres Catenation: C atoms coupled together in chain or recollect/cyclo London forces b/w organic molecules Isomers: one molecular mandate could play more than one organic compound Chemical properties determined by the available groups ____________________________________________ Hydrocarbons Non-polar, hydrophobic most C p uzzles covalently with H Branched, unbranched, rings, shapes, 1x/2x/3x bonds Aliphatic: open chain, alkane C-C, alkene C=C, alkyne, cyclo, frosting/eth/prop/but/pent/ curse word/hept/non/dec Aromatic: benzene ring, mother aroma (scent) ie.

benzene C6H6, see Kekule Hydrocarbons below C-H bonds consistent space with C-H bonds of hydrocarbons (C-C > C-_-_-C bond length All C-C have resembling length/reactivity = geomorphological formula written as I/II/ third plangency Formula ____________________________________________ Polar soluble in water, hydrophilic (alkanes/parafines) CO: diatomic (2 atoms of same/di fferent elements) single H (HCl), OH (C2H5OH! ), O (OCl), N (NF3) alcohol (hydroxyl), aldehyde/ketone (carbonyl), carboxylic acid (carboxyl), amine (amino) Non-Polar indissoluble in water, hydrophobic (alkenes/ynes) all elements Cl2 most C compounds: oil, CO2, CH4 ____________________________________________ thoroughgoing(a) Hydrocarbons single C-C bonds, alkanes/parafines Max # of H atoms Fats Substitution reaction unsaturated Hydrocarbons Double C=C or triples bonds, alkenes, alkynes, non-polar Oils, Teflon, Plexiglass (contacts), semisynthetic rubber (Cl radical), innate Rubber (methyl radical), tire rubber, (black since C-S not C-H monomers, olfaction since Sulphur burns) Addition reaction Polyunsaturated 1+ 2x bond Polymers Chain molecules of like monomer units (held by Van der Waals Forces) Polysaccharides, plastics Monomers... These notes are very(prenominal) thorough and parcel out many topics in Biology, the lone(prenomi nal) thing I would bespeak is a little dampen organization but general very good! If you necessity to get a plentiful essay, order it on our website: OrderCustomPaper.com

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