Work-Based Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Work-Based Assignment - Essay ExampleI up-to-dately hold one title with several(prenominal) different roles multi-tasking is they tell us a wonderful thing. I am currently learning to be an Environmental Champion and have also recently been delegated Team Focal Point in the absence of my line manager. I am also a specialist in intersection knowledge, which allows higher in the flesh(predicate) performance when carrying out my duties. My title at E.On is Consumer Acquisition Advisor. My main duties concerning this title would beTo any customer, I am the last link between their old supplier (Powergen) and their new supplier. If they have any problems or concerns I allow be the last person able to discover and understand what these may be - and where applicable, fix them. Every advisor who is winning customers back is vital to Powergen as sometimes mistakes can be made and people can be confirmed as leaving without giving their consent, this could be a case of fraudulent practice or more(prenominal) commonly a mistake between measuring stick supply numbers. Without this last contact between a customer and a Winback advisor, it would be a lengthier and more detrimental process from a customer perspective. Representatives from other companies have misled sometimes customers and it is our job to alert them to this. If a customer still chooses to leave we will not force them to stay, but leave them with a imperative final impression of Powergen in the hope they may return in the future. However, in some instances customers will choose to stay and so it is our job to process this and advise customers on the best possible product whilst offering a top level service to cement a customers belief that Powergen is the supplier for them.The current situation is going into a Winback call blind. By this I mean we do not do a quote before ringing a customer. The other advisors and myself find that having enough knowledge bed the call can help to structure the call compl etely. For example, we operate on a truth fanny so we will not blag a

Feedback and its importance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Feedback and its importance - Essay Examplein organizations) or in universities. Since the key objective of providing feedbacks is to in mannequin the individuals concerned regarding their performance, and give them objective opinions, it helps them to understand their strengths and weaknesses and expend their capabilities to the optimum, and hence pave way for self-growth. Furthermore, feedback helps in identifying the problem areas or areas of concern and develops ways to overcome the shortcomings. For instance, in terms of organizational learning, the managers periodically evaluate the job performance of their workers and employees, and provide them feedback on the basis of a thorough assessment. Such an assessment can then be used by the workers to identify gaps in their performance and use the same to increase their productivity (Anderson 1990 Kluger & Denisi 1996). Similarly, feedback in universities, which are given in the form of grades or critique of their work, helps the s tudents in identifying the areas in which they excel and those where they need to put in more effort. several(a) schools and universities also enable teacher feedback, whereby the students assess the performance of their teachers. It is only through feedback, that any substantial and authoritative change can be hoped to be achieved.

Consumer credit Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Consumer credit - Assignment Exampleen busy at work, he has not had time to carefully review his monthly statements, but is spending the weekend sensing up on paying bills and organizing his desk. He is particularly interested in how much he mum owes the credit pester company.He reviews the statement and discovers there is a page missing the one with the free balance. He can see that his beginning balance for frame in (March 1 through March 31) was $800 and that he paid $280 on March 12, charged purchases of $150 on March 5, $100 on March 20, and $50 on March 30. Ling remembers that the Annual Percentage Rate (APR) on the credit card is 16% of the unpaid balance and interest is charged using the average daily balance method, including flowing purchases.d. Answer Average daily balance is calculated by including the outstanding balance, new purchases and deducting payments and credits on each day in the billing cycle, we need to divide by number of days in the billing cycle.From the authors point of view, the five factors are named as Satisfying needs in case of insufficient income, Convenience in case of cashless case, Socialization and modernization, Easiness and sanctuary in comparison with carrying cash and Shopping via telephone and inter-net. (Okan Veli afakli, 2007).Credit cards can be a convenient means of payment, a useful tool for learning financial responsibility, a resource in case of emergencies, a means to establishing a good credit history and a way to assoil greater access to credit in the future. If credit cards are mismanaged or misused, however, the disadvantages can government issue in severe financial consequences. (Louisiana State University, 2003).Ling has used the credit card wisely. He do the payment on time and as it is a revolving credit, it is good to charge the card and simultaneously fetch payments. This can have good impact on the credit history. It is a good practice to play along the balance less than the credit limit and this can

Answer the Q Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Answer the Q - Case Study ExampleThus, both these aspects affect the the great unwashed in economic terms by hampering their earning opportunities (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics., Employment mail).Cyclical unemployment heap be estimated to be very concentrated to overcome in comparison to other types of unemployment. It is very difficult to overcome as it encompasses with large numbers of candidates who are willing to work, but are un fitted to clear a puritanical employment. Cyclical employment is prevelant in almost every country whereby people with proper talents and potentials are unable to find a suitable job (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics., Employment Situation).While calculating the unemployment rate, all in all the factors relating to unemployment of different age groups and both the genders are interpreted into consideration with the tending of separate calculations. It would be benficial if the unemployement rate, as a whole, is calculated for deriving the exact rate of unemployment rather than basing the calculations on different aspects that may include different reasons for unemployment among different age groups and genders who are unemployed.For creating more job opportunities in the US, the country would need to improve its economic stability. It is only then that the country can be able to provide better employment opportunities to the deserving candidates. If the nation can increase its profitability by appearance of different business investments and other commercial associations, the nation would be able to curb almost all the issues related to unemployment to a very large extent.There are numerous issues that can be discover as related with the unemployment levels in the US. Recession can be considered to be one of the primary reasons for mellow rate of unemployment in the US. Recession is often acquainted with contraction in the investment and spending approaches taken by businesses which further lead to unemployment within t he nation (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.,

The Different Strategy Hierarchies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Different Strategy Hierarchies - Essay ExampleOne of the organizations known to practice hierarchy guidance scheme is the Al-Qaida rebel groups. Organizations deploy different strategies as a way of enhancing their competitiveness in the industry. It is not a surprise that many organizations are still committed to hierarchy management strategy where key strategic decisions are conceived at the head-quarter by the top management organs while the effectuation of the tasks is delegated to lower levels. According to Williamson (1975 pp.67), loving organization is not achievable in without hierarchy in the social set-up. He argued that hierarchy is fundamental in reducing the transaction costs. Since firms operate on a cost-minimization principle, the hierarchy is key to cost efficiency. Grint (2010 pp.43) asserts that for symbolic reasons, the hierarchy is critical since it is founded on the connotation orders of the Holy Sovereignty. Child (2009 pp.502) effectual that organiza tional hierarchy is an integrating principle that enhances collective goal orientation and strategy for distributing privileges through the earth of social differentiation in power, status, and reward. This hierarchy mode deviates from the traditional hierarchy that rooted for coercive and overbearing leadership and management styles characterized by top decision makers. Although it retains a few features of Tayloristic flavor, it is more enabling and in any case revises a number of clauses in Taylorism such as obedient execution by the employees. Porous-hierarchy, therefore, deviates from the traditional and dominating version that is founded on hierarchical power and bureaucracies.

Is female genital mutilation a religious requirementbelief in Islam Research Proposal

Is female genital mutilation a religious requirementbelief in Islam - Research Proposal ExampleWomen who did non undergo the procedure may have a arduous age looking for a partner. This implies that women who failed to meet the expectation of men will have to suffer unbroken wretchedness. FGM was practiced in some African nations where it had originated and soon adapted by other chase of Islam, delivererianity and Judaism. The commixture of these religions who believe in this procedure raised a question on other ardent followers why had these been enjoined in their faith which is very superfluous when basing it in the Holy Book everyone is adhering to. Neither on that purpose is a clear substantial basis why this mutilating process occurred. virile circumcision is long been practiced since the time of Abraham. It is to promote cleanliness among male individuals. However, in that location was no established rationale whatsoever that circumcision binds men to God although Chr ist himself was also circumcised and several notable apostles have undergone the same. In the contemporary life, this practiced is warranted since it has to do with hygienic condition. Male circumcision is widely accepted and is never being questioned. ... Female circumcision was practiced prior to the birth of Islam which precisely implies that it was not stated therein in the book of Quran that circumcision is also through with females. However some FGM advocates quoted this weak proposal of marriage Um Atiyyat al-Ansariyyah said A woman used to perform circumcision in Medina. The Prophet (pbuh) said to her Do not cut too severely as that is better for a woman and more desirable for a husband.1. It is in this text lies the foundation of FGM wherein it is deem important in Sunnah or usage of the Prophet to follow the custom of womens circumcision. Several sayings from the prophet Muhammad also surface concurring the FGM practice. However there was no clear statement to confirm th e situation as it only states the correct derivation of pleasure. It was on the interpretation surmise the event of female circumcision. Thus there was no authenticity to validate such practice. Part of those who practice female circumcision atomic number 18 Muslims but some religions practice the same. It is part of their tradition to proceed this act without any luminous reason. Cultural reasons dominate over religious traditions although some fervent believers are most likely to adhere on the tradition it is still an immense question as to what is the point behind the unrelenting practice that until now millions of women are mutilated. Several indicators includeThat female circumcision is rampant in Christian nations such as Kenya and Ethiopia.That forced female circumcisions are true in all faiths abovementioned. It is a common practice in Ethiopia, Eritrea, Sierra Leone and Sudan. That FGM was once practiced by Ethiopian Jews known as that Falashas. However

What is the difference between civic nationalism and ethnic Essay

What is the difference between civic landalism and ethnic nationalism Can the former pull round without the latter - Essay ExampleIn terms of self-determination, it is referred to as having full statehood with complete authority on domestic and internal affairs Miscevic, Nenad (01 Jun 2010Whereupon, we herald into the two theories of nationalism the civic nationalism and the ethnic nationalism. What makes them contrastive from each other, and could it be rightly evince that the former can exist without the other? I believe that although the two kinds of nationalism are different from each other civic nationalism emanates from ethnic nationalism because the former is a heritage that existed during the generation of our forefathers and that civic nationalism has gathered its principles from the experience of ethnic nationalism. Kuzio, Taras (January 2002, pp. 20-39) supports my assertion that civic nationalism could not exist without ethnic nationalism. He believes that the cou ntrys ethnicity and civic universalism is dependent on the ontogeny of its history from ethnic to civic state and nationhood and the depth of democratic consolidation (Kuzio, Taras). He concluded in his study that evolution from ethnic to civic states does not depend on geography but rather on the lordly influence of international institutions, domestic democratic consolidation and civic institution building. The West, he tell has a long history of ethnic states, and that this factor makes its evolution also similar to the states in the East. cadaverous from the explanations of Nikolas 2001, ethnic nationalism has ideological bonds from the native history and its people. It is differentiated from civic nationalism because its nationhood is described by its customs and traditions, religion and language (Hill, Richard C. 2003). Accordingly, the ethnic nationalists believe that it is not the state that creates the nation but the nation that creates the state. What make them stay tog ether are the

Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 4

Summary - Essay congressmanBelow is the explanation of how the above factor could help curb the protection problem.Crime Prevention through with(predicate) environmental design involves a combination of psychological and physical aspects of a security situation and thence considering the two simultaneously. Security in areas say public zones, private or semi-private zones are best achieved by use of physical barriers like small fences or well-planned flower beds around them. These barriers along with some new(prenominal) symbolic barriers could also be used around sensitive data rooms to deter the instauration of people into these rooms. The architectural designs have shown great efficiency in discouraging acts of crime in facilities. (Mlakar, 1999) watch. Surveillance in any building or facility is very crucial as it help to observe people within it. The people may include the employees, visitors who, in this case, are strangers or even the security persons on the ground. Surv eillance can assist to closely monitor individuals with a lot of secrecy and so its recommended to install these devices at places where people cannot recognize them slow. This way, acts of crime will be identified easily as the individuals will be caught unawares. monitor becomes even most critical with increased number of employees.Monitoring cannot be accomplished in the darkness. Lighting, therefore, becomes another factor that goes hand in hand with surveillance. The brightness, intensity, and the number of spark devices in and within a facility becomes of critical importance. Well-spaced, and glowing office lighting show well-behaved on cameras. Therefore, lighting offers the basis of any security situation in any given place. out-of-door barriers in a facility help to delay, obstruct, and or prevents cases of thefts and other negative security situation. The barriers include fences, molding barriers, and gates among other obstacles that prevent access to persons to some given areas.The

The Management of Organizational Diversity Essay

The Management of Organizational Diversity - Essay ExampleDiversity encompasses every wizard. Diversity potentiometer be identified on various parameters like race, ethnicity, age, gender, physical ability, physical characteristics, income, education, pargonntal status, marital status, sexual orientation, unearthly beliefs, personality types and geographic location. In the growing global scenario the diversity factor is on the increasing trend. This calls for to a greater extent attention toward diversity management. There are laws like EEO, Equal Employment Opportunities that guarantee the right to everyone for oeuvre regardless of their diversity. Diversity management improves on EEO but is not a replacement of EEO. There are real constrains due to diversity like- the area of consideration belongs limited, there could be lack of diversity in STEM position applicants.There could be negligible diversity at the top ranks. It may reason people into certain positions. Recruiting tends to be normally done from the same source. Similarly, only one person or a root word of persons coming from a set of backgrounds gets the opportunity to be groomed.It has been found that all individuals pay back difficulty in interacting with colleagues, customers and others due to diversity in backgrounds like racial, gender or socio-economic. This often throws up cases of miscommunication but if they are not checked in time they could flare up into bigger problems. And there could be feelings like exclusion, mistreatment, no support or left-alone etc. that are not desirable for a healthy organization. One challenge is development of like-me syndrome. People coming from similar backgrounds tend to flock together. This created certain bias in the workplace and should be checked as early as possible. The like me syndrome can lead to a tendency to employee and work with people like oneself in terms of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, and disability. (EEOC, 1998 27). This is a barrier for judging performances without any bias and also to get honest feedbacks.Similarly, when some groups are form based on similarity, others are looked upon as outsiders. It has come up in researches that the outsiders do not get the same level of information, they are not included in decision making, they are given lesser opportunities to learn and perform. This gives rise to stereotyping where people intentionally or unintentionally form opinions about other groups. They also develop certain ideas regarding certain people. For example, women are too soft to become successful in regime or black people are not good employees Asian Americans are not to be accepted. The biggest challenge diversity poses is misunderstanding diverse non-verbal communications. For example a thumbs-up can be a positivist sign in one culture but not so in another one and may become the cause of a rift.Sometimes the measures taken to encourage diversity by enlisting from all groups etc. can have a negative effect on the majority group as they

Elusive Quest for Growth Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Elusive Quest for addition - Essay ExampleDevelopment that leads to process has been impossible, in the way done. Its legitimately an illusion thinking that a bounteous country claiming to financial aid to undeveloped countries would lead real financial growth in the long run, starting from the short run. Economists and Marketing Sciences have been trying to defend the idea of real financial aid and support of the rich countries of the world, and we see in terms of statistics that this has non been achieved. On the unconnected the way and perspective of this kind of aid, have led to even more p everyplacety, and lack of true growth. A number of economists throughout last decade had tried to defend the idea, that investment in machines and technology, unnecessary labor, teaching method and surround resources, have led to opposite results and do not promote revenues of countries. First of every(prenominal) in that respect atomic number 18 other major factors affecting the possibility of growth, such as general climate changes in all over the planet, local climate of course in each country, geographic position, and structure of natures as surface as infrastructure and raw materials existing in each country along with all environment resources. ... ll over the planet, local climate of course in each country, geographic position, and structure of natures as substantially as infrastructure and raw materials existing in each country along with all environment resources. He also defends the aspect that nor even control of population can lead to any results ascribable quick demographic changes and that this may not always be controlled. Despite the financial aid presumption to countries, one would clearly see, that it is not a true financial aid, but its based on interests of most wealthy people of the world to raise capitals on behalf of them, a disparity of income all over the world, with children starving in poor countries, social inequalities betwe en men and women and of course between rich and poor. distressing countries may be supported in the short run, but in the long run, they are base in big debt, not being able to pay out the huge loans, and by not also being supported essentially for growth, the gap between rich and poor people all over the world is getting more and more big. The financial support is just on behalf of the rich countries to become wealthier, as some standards of the poor countries, such as environment, infrastructures, in terms of raw materials and resources, are not taken into account. Then poor countries are supported just partially and this leads only to a financial release and not to real financial growth. Doing investments in local level, and increasing employment in countries that suffer inflation, may solve the problem to an extent. Okay, employment is increased, people have jobs, thus more is invested in education, but in the end, just more wealth is added to rich ones, as theyll invest the m oney from surplus labor and the difference in terms of inflation of their own currency and local currency, in

New Business Venture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4750 words

sweet Business Venture - Essay ExampleEntrepreneurship and bran-new business launch is always associated with meeting the challenges successfully. However, in order to achieve the success in creating a new business and successfully manage it is censorious that the overall musical theme behind the creation of the business is commercially executable and washbowl provide the desire returns. The analysis of the factors such as PESTLE provide a overcritical insight into the changing temperament of the external environment and how entrepreneurs roll in the hay truly take advantage of such changes to materialize them into successful businesses. This root word also presented a discussion on the particular mindset and individual characteristics which are required to successfully spot the new opportunities and convert them into the new businesses.Entrepreneurship and new business launch is always associated with meeting the challenges successfully. However, in order to achieve the success in creating a new business and successfully manage it is critical that the overall idea behind the creation of the business is commercially viable and can provide the want returns. It is always weighty that the new ideas should be properly addressed and developed into successful business provided they develop the potential to become successful business. Idea creation is one of the key areas for the new entrepreneurs and it is critical that the idea is properly transformed successfully. However, in order to achieve this, it is critical that the overall attractiveness of the harvest-homes and services which go out be delivered as a result of the new ideas, timeline involved, product value and durability of the products and services to be created as a result of this should justify the introduction of a new product, service or business. (Sorensen, Lassen., & Hinson,2007). This memo will deliberate on a new business opportunity which author considers as an important and bel ieves that can add value to the firm. However, in order to convince the management of the firm and to present the ideas in the more meaningful manner, this memo will attempt to discuss different factors which may affect the new business opportunity for the firm. Apparently, this memo will deliberate on these factors and provide an objective analysis of how these factors can actually contribute towards the successful development of the new business opportunity into a commercially viable business. Description of the product It is a important that a complete description of the product is provided in the memo. The director must include the relevant and important characteristics of the product to convince the manager that the proposed product can actually add value to the organization. Following information can be included regarded the description of the product The product to be developed and subsequently marketed by the firm is based upon a software program which can add value to the firms existing portfolio of software products. This new software will be based upon cutting edge technology and will attempt to offer the features and attributes which are not visible(prenominal) in the

The Vertical Boundaries of The Firm Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The erect Boundaries of The Firm - Essay ExampleAlternatively, we as well as have the sensible desire that is thought to be essential in editing such entities, even when the desires to leave best scenes on floor exist for the success of organizations. In the management literature, the tendency is lots to err, especially for the previous direction this phenomenon is what makes the literature very rich for economists (Gamm 34). This paper examines the challenges faced by stinting change in the internal organisation of firms, especially the boundaries that exhibited during their life.Empirical and theoretical research into the new foreign economics traditions gives focus and emphasis to the different kinds of structures for governance existing between the simple anonymous market place structures beside the determinants for boundaries and their respective markets. These different kinds of hybrid approaches include joint ventures, long term contracts, holding companies, dual sourcin g as well as public enterprises (Gamm 45). Additionally, research into new international economics examines the characteristics exhibited by internal organizations.Vertical integration in firms is among the many potential aspects of vertical governance structures that parties involved in the transaction help may decide from. Additionally, it represents a single component of the wider theories about governance of the contractual relationships as well as the particular theories in the firmEconomic theories about vertical integration fall in various categories. One of it is technological determinism, which refers to production technology, which shapes the design of productive units in the firm. Another dimension is that which involves the equipment casualty theory based on the Marshalian approach as well as structure-conduct performance that has now commence old-fashioned and somewhat quaint. This approach tends to swing on single analytical hinges in a agonistical system.It is imp ortant to note

At-Risk Students Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

At-Risk Students - Assignment ExampleSome factors are predetermined to be causes of risks for dropping out of spirited school among the youth. Most of these are but not limited to having divorced parents or undergoing divorce escape educational support at home financial instability lack ties to community, school, and peers high rates of mobility elflike or no extra-curricular activities has a long history of being unsuccessful academically being emotionally unstable sufferers of physical, emotional or sexual abuse pick up psychological and/or addiction problems have no health care plans juvenile law-offenders or gang-members or have not finished the sorrow process for the loss of important loved ones (McGee, 2001). The presence of one or a combination of all of these risk factors increases the stress levels of students, which makes them lose focus on studying and instead lets them dwell more on such problems. In addition, the lack of a proper support groups or guidance counselo rs would leave these youths otiose to cope with the strains both in the home and in the self, which could prevent them from properly learning, and would ultimately lead them to self-pitying, hopelessness, and last dropping out from school or pursuing their chosen careers.Most students recognize the need to tweak in order to improve their lives, so it would be absurd to think that they chose to drop out for no sound reason (Pillow, 1997). They would even show signs to teachers or advisers that they want to finish school but they cleverness not know how to do this effectively. These indicators would show up in behaviors such as showing up in class despite having low grades, submitting half-done homework and taking or retaking exams despite earlier scores. However, itdoes not get enough support and encouragement from their teachers in being pushed forward to graduate, or if they flavour that they do not receive any help, these students would feel discouraged and even think that i t is not worth(predicate) doing anymore since help is not available anyway.

Nursing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Nursing - Assignment ExampleNurses burnout jeopardizes nursing practice because it interferes with the normal effectiveness with which nurses offer care to patients. In this regard, nurses fail to get together their obligations.Patients have sound rights to sufficient health care regardless of their social, economic or political status (Snyder & Weiner 2005). When nurses fail to fulfill their obligations as outlined by two the law and the nursing codes of ethics, then a legal obligation is due. Patients who are not satisfied with the way nurses handle their cases are entitled to legal processes that are bespoken towards pursuing the matter further. Jaded nurses should take their time to re-evaluate their suitability in the profession. This does not imply that the nurses should will health care services in perfect condition. It is obvious that different professions are characteristic of puree related to get to. However, nursing practices requires that nurses be in a position t o oversee their personal challenges in the work place. A nurse under burnout experiences deteriorated personal welfare. Extending this factor to the patients may constitute quitting the profession all together. Burnout is too associated with an attitude notion that may not go down well with colleagues and the entire workforce in general. Patients satisfaction and safety is jeopardized in the process (Snyder & Weiner 2005).Patients need to be fully informed on how to manage their medications and care. Doctors who fail to fully inform patients about this face both ethical and legal risks. Doctors are socially and legally obliged to serve the patients interests prior to the special knowledge they possess. Medical race between the patient and the doctor should be open and either party should provide as lots information as possible to the other. Each party should act in respect to the other, such that both fulfill what they are required to. Whatever the health complication is, the doc tor should be

Case Analysis Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 7

Analysis - Case Study patternMoreover, Starbucks will operate in a joint venture with the Tata group which has knowledge of the domestic market.1. The set of CCD is lower as compared to Starbucks and there is a difference of almost Rs. 400 in the prices of the two companies. Therefore, CCD has a clear proceeds over the Starbucks as far as the pricing is concerned. The products of both the chocolate gyves are up to the market. Both the companies deliver the quality product to its customers but even then Starbucks has slightest advantage over CCD as far as the products are concerned due to its global standing.2. The supply string of the Starbucks as well as CCD varies to great extent. CCD works on backward integration and instead of get the coffee from the suppliers it manufactures coffee for itself. All the activities of the supply chain are controlled by CCD itself. CCD has neither any franchises nor it hires the round through the third party. All the outlets of the company a re controlled by itself and the employees are also hired and proficient by CCD itself. On the contrary, Starbucks buys the coffee from the manufacturing countries instead of from the manufacturers. So the supply chain of the Starbucks starts from the buying of the coffee from the manufacturing countries and ends with the words of the coffee o the consumers.3. The customers of Starbucks are much greater than that of CCD as far as its global trading operations are concerned. However, in India the current customers of CCD are much greater. CCD attracts all types of customers due to its effective pricing and diverse offering. The potential customers of CCD are also projected to be higher due to the trend of taking coffee among the youth of India and the pleasant environment provided CCD. At present the existing customers of Starbucks are lower but they talent increase in future due to expansion of its network.4. The customer service of CCD is great and helps it in retaining the bi g number of

Determinisms Relation to Free

Determinisms Relation to whollyow Will EssayThe stereotypical interpretation of determinism, to the layman, goes something like this All events are predetermined so we stick no shift will. Actually, this is more or less the definition of seriously determinism. Determinism, however, according to professor of philosophical system Sandra LaFave, can co-exist with free will in the form of soft determinism, the philosophical theory that all events thusly have causes but that humans can still act voluntarily. Soft determinism provides a more widely-acceptable definition of determinism that agrees more with common usage of the words free will and cause. Hard determinism states that all events have causes and that we cannot be free as a result. Soft determinism, however, responds to this pessimistic conclusion by asserting that we can indeed have free will and still exist by the deterministic model in which all events have causes. Hard determinism correlates cause with force or compulsion and free with total control, whereas soft determinism correlates free with voluntary or not forced. Thus soft determinisms definitions of words more strongly agree with average, frequent usage.If I were forced to open my safe of personal savings at gunpoint, for example, soft determinism would suggest that I am not acting freely in this situation as I am organism coerced by an external force to do something I otherwise wouldnt. If I were to open the safe voluntarily (no one is forcing me), then I am exerting my free will. This distinction may seem obvious, but its robustness proves why we cant support stiff determinism hard determinism would suggest that both actions are not through with(p) out of free will since both actions have causes. Therefore, our usage of the word free will cannot co-exist with hard determinism, but only soft determinism.In conclusion, determinism can co-exist with free will in an effective manner. I must admit, however, that soft determinisms validity rests on an agreement with what cause and free will, as defined above, mean. Still, hard determinism also relies on its own definitions of cause and free will, so this linguistic criticism does not antagonise soft determinisms validity. Still, many more arguments regarding determinism and free will exist that are beyond the scope of my knowledge.

Tanglewood casebook Essay Example for Free

Tanglewood casebook Es posit1)Recruitment Guide vex Store AssociateReports toShift LeaderQualificationsHigh school diploma or equivalent, Some college bloodline work preferred1 class retail experience preferred including experience in guest service Relevant Labor MarketWest uppercaseTimelineWeek of 1/8Conduct interviews with fit candidates1/24Targeted hire dateActivities to undertake to source well- commensurate candidates Post job opening on ph iodiner website and on in store kiosksRequest company referralsContact local colleges to nonify them of available positions and elate if they know of any students flavor for employment Contact staffing agencies, if necessary, to fill position with temporary helper that whitethorn want to permanently work for the company Staff members involvedHR Recruiting ManagerDepartment Managers potency peersBudget$3,000-$4,5002)The store associate position is one that mainly corporations with assisting guests, be it to find certain products, deal with issues, or to just make their experience a pleasant one while dealing with the free-and-easy operations of the store. The open regularity to recruiting means that we are casting a wide net to picnic any applicants that we can and see what we get. Its possible that we may get exactly what we are looking for, simply its possible that it may just be wasted resources. I recommend the targeted rule to recruitment, which means that we are going to go for a specific group of people with specificKSAOs.By using the targeted method we depart address almost of the staffs stage businesss about hiring new store associates. The first concern was to reduce turnover by casting a smaller net, but acquiring more qualified individuals we may eliminate some of the turnover. This will also help with the lag time, which was the second issue, in that at that place will be less applicants to sift through, thus letting us get to the more qualified candidates more quickly.This will hel p us target the applicants we want, which were college to middle age individuals with at least a high school diploma, preferably some college course work, with retail and customer service experience. By getting employees that already hold in customer service experience, they will already know what they are getting themselves into and what the forecast may be. Hopefully this will also help to vex people who fit into the culture and are looking for a career and not just a job.By using online applications with specific requirements we will better be able to target these applicants. The same goes for staffing agencies, though costly, we will more impellingly acquire qualified individuals.Employee referrals may be a good way to keep up employee relations and morale, but it may not lead to the type of individuals we need. The same goes for open applications.3) In Western Washington, the highest one year memory rate compared to the amount of applicants hired was by job service manner , fol imprinted by employee referrals. This seemed to be stiff for them, because the most qualified individuals fell into the referral category, however the total cost was significantly higher for employee referrals at this site, though after a year of survival ended up being the most cost effective method of hiring.In Eastern Washington, the referral method came out the most effective as far-off as retention rates went, followed by the kiosk method. Following the same trend as the Western Washington region, these individuals seemed to be the most qualified. Again similar to the previous region it also was the most expensive as far as total cost went, but the most effective as far ascost per first year of survival.In Northern Oregon, the agency method had an extremely high retention rate after the first year of hire, followed by the kiosk method. In this region the kiosk method was the most expensive followed by hiring agencies. The hiring agency was the most effective after the f irst year of hire.In Southern Oregon, a similar trend happens compared to Northern Oregon. The agency method has a the highest stain one year retention rate, followed by the referral method. And similar to Northern Oregon, it is the second most expensive as far as total cost goes, but the most effective as far as post first year hire cost is concerned. 4)It would be ineffective to follow the same hiring methods for all foursome regions in that in both Oregon based regions the best recruitment method seems to be agency based and in the Washington regions the referral method is most effective. If the company attempted to force all regions to have the same hiring standards they would incur higher cost, less effective recruitment methods, and would obtain less qualified individuals. 5)It has be true for the company that cheaper is not always better, therefore getting the cheapest labor will not beget the most effective customer service. It would be beneficial to rate employee explo it in accordance to high, middle, and low performers and to discuss with them how they feel they are doing in conjunction with suggestions on yielding better performance.Better performance should come with some type of reward, for example an extra vacation day, a more desirable assignment, or an annual pay increase. It also would be beneficial to employees to have additional training in customer service issues in order to prepare them for what issues they may run into.As far as the riddle line hiring requirements go, at least a year of customer service related experience should be required for employment. As previously stated this will ensure that these new candidates will know what to put up from their job, and what expectations an employer would have ofthem. (Please refer to question 2 for how managerial concerns will be addressed.)6)The targeted method would be aiming at a specific group of candidates. They may say that they are searching for a candidate with some completed col lege coursework and customer service experience looking to work as a store associate at Tanglewood. It also should state that if the associate seems promising they may be put on the refrain track to management if they desire.The realistic method gives a real view of what the job would entail. It may say something like dealing with day to day store issues including customer complaints. It gives an employee a real look as to what they may be doing, but some argue that it may turn away good likely candidates before they actually have the opportunity to experience both the good and the bad.The branded recruitment scheme is searching for a candidate that will fit into your brand. They may say looking for a self-importance starting individual who wants to be part of not just a company, but a family. By doing this employees feel a tie to the companys brand and want to work for the company and not just the job.Work CitedHeneman III, Herbert G., Judge, Timothy A., and Kammemeyer-Mueller, John D. Staffing Organizations 7th Edition. Middleton Mendota House, 2012. Print. Kammemeyer-Mueller, John. Tanglewood Casebook for use with Staffing Organizations 7th Edition. Middleton Mendota House, 2012. Print.

Reconfiguration of Invoices and Payment Methods Essay Example for Free

Reconfiguration of Invoices and Payment Methods EssayThis proposal lays tabu the benefits and impact of applying technology in order to reconfigure invoicing and payment method acquireance at delightfuls Landscaping. The company suffers from low hoardion rates and long cacheion cartridge holders. Its traditional method of spend a penny and invoicing is two ineffective and costly. Additional staff is needful just to attempt to collect past due bills which be oftentimes erroneous and outdated. Moreover, the company would further benefit from a node database that would compile all told take a crap orders and reduce or glide by redundancy. The neediness of technology use has put the company at a disadvantage in the industry.Problem The issues to be addressed are to lessen collection time of payments time simultaneously reduce overhead costs, create a node database that can be accessed through marketing, finance, and guest service departments, and greatly improve upo n operational processes.Approach Establish if implementing a handheld credit add-in acceptance method at the point-of-sale entrusting effectively reduce payment collection time and give the company a competitive advantage. Further discover if electronic invoicing and database creation bequeath eliminate redundancy and reduce costs.Methodology Meet with appropriate department headsfinance, customer service, operations, marketingto determine how each pull up stakes benefit by the reconfiguration and how to maximize profits from those benefits. Decide which database program would be most harmonious for meeting the needs of the organization. Additionally, establish the costs and time associated with educating and training staff on the products and software existence introduced. Allocate the time and expense and determine the best quarter to implement the changes. Company expenses, due to lack of payment collection and overhead, severely cut into profits. Immediate payment by wa y of a energetic credit card treat adapter at time of service pull up stakes champion addition company profitability and efficiency. Each program will tie into the next. The credit card processor will automatically generate electronic invoices to be emailed to the customer. These invoices will be housed in a database that will collect and store relevant customer instruction. The impact on the company as a whole will be positive as departments will take in the ability to share information and collaborate for optimal efficiency.Milestone 1 Problem The issues to be addressed are to lessen collection time of payments age simultaneously reduce overhead costs, create a customer database that can be accessed through marketing, finance, and customer service departments, and greatly improve upon operational processes.Company Background Sunnys Landscaping was organize in 1976 by one man in Pennsylvania and started operations with only two redundant practiceees. Sunnys provides con struction of ponds rock walls, irrigation, lawn maintenance, flowerbed design, and all landscaping needs to its customers. It has grown to employ as many as seventy-five people and has net revenues of almost one million dollars per year. Sunnys (The Company) services both residential and commercial messageised properties with commercial generating nearly 75% of its annual revenues. In the early 1990s the Company began providing additional services, such as snow removal and ice buildup legal profession that would allow it to stay operational year-round. With these additional services came an increase in impertinent accounts most of which have been residential. The profit increase with respect to the raw(a) accounts has been mediocre at best. The Companys inability to collect payment on the new residential accounts has begun to severely decrease profits and it has been proposed to reduce services. In an thrust to continue all service and grow, the Company has begun to seek solu tions.Approach Internal financial research has shown that diminish profits are due to a multitude of issues including the high number of delinquent or tardy accounts, excessive staffing expenses, and a general lack of sufficient and effective use of technology. Determine if introducing a new method of point-of-sale payment collection will reduce expenses related to residential accounts. Further determine if an electronic invoicing process will enable the Company reduce staffing costs while simultaneously creating a customer database.Methodology Convene with all the appropriate departmentsfinance, customer service, operations, marketingto determine how a database should be constructed so it is cross functional for each department. The company currently uses Microsoft Access for its customer disputation. Information pulled from this list is oftentimes outdated and erroneous. It is inappropriate software to use in order to transfer customer information to an invoice. This process i ncreases work hours and is redundant. As work orders are issued and workers are dispatched, each should be provided with the ability to chastise the invoice electronically onsite for immediate customer payment. The method used now is to issue the order, perform the work, prepare the invoice if necessary, and then mail it out in the traditional fashion. The increase in new residential customers has also caused an increase in non-payment. The use of a mobile credit card processor could help reduce this payment delinquency.Options/Solutions Sunnys Landscaping has very little collaboration amongst its departments and few tools to work with. Each department is independently operated from the others and has not yet adapted to the influx of residential accounts. Whereas, the larger commercial accounts are well known and recognized, the smaller residential accounts are given very little customer service. The Company must find a solution that will reconcile both the residential and commerc ial accounts with companys overall needs and each departments ability to operate. One alter system would allow the Company to function as a whole.The Company has a need for a system that can accomplish three goals 1. Generate invoices 2. Allow for point-of-sale credit card process 3. Create a database that is cross functional All three systems must work in bicycle-built-for-two and allow information to flow from one process to the next. For example, as work is completed a old geezer requires the ability to generate an invoice on the spot. Then they must also have the ability to accept payment from the customer. Lastly, the customers information and work performed must be electronically transferred into the database where other departments will be able to access it for a follow-up service. Marketing could use the information for promotional mailers, customer service could use it to obtain feedback, finance would use it for records, and operations could use it to find out the symb ol of service performed. If one system can be constructed that will support all three functions, it will reduce costs company wide, allow for customer information to be used effectively end-to-end all departments, and increase profits while reducing delinquent accounts.Milestone 2 Sunnys Landscaping will need to research further to determine if and what additional resources will be required to reconfigure its invoicing and payment methods. It must also determine how much training will be required for frontline workers and encouraging staff. Sunnys Landscaping should consider the following questions prior to making a decision to the highest degree which software and hardware to use1. What point-of-sale device will allow for data to be stored in a database and extracted for invoicing? a. Is there one device that is superior over the other in price and exertion? b. Will this device need any additional in-house hardware to function? c. Will customers financial and personal informati on be stored and processed securely how can we ensure customers that it is? 2. How long, if at all, will funds be held for before deposit? 3. Will one database be able to support all the functions that each department requires? 4. Can prior customers information be easily entered into the new database? 5. Will a lack of mobile or internet connection affect point-of-sale processing and if so, how are payments accepted otherwise?Point-of Sale Device The two most compatible devices with Sunnys Landscaping needs are SquareUp and Intuit GoPayment. Each device works similar to one another. interrogation has shown the greatest differences are in payment deposit time and customer service. SquareUp appears to have a long-run slower deposit time of funds, especially with new accounts. Moreover, the first few months of service do not allow new customers to withdraw entire deposit amounts. According to the SquareUp website, this payment hold is to reduce fraud. GoPayment by Intuit seems to ha ve the greatest customer satisfaction. GoPayments device hardware also seems to be of a better, to a greater extent secure design as can be seen in the figure below.

Electricity Demand and Supply Pakistan Essay Example for Free

Electricity Demand and Supply Pakistan EssayElectricity load-shedding in Pakistan is one of the biggest national problems faced by the country. Along with the problems that the power shortage brings for the society as a livelong and for the inhabitants of the society the power failures seriously curbs the economic potential of the economy.Considering most of the medium and large weighing machine industries of Pakistan depend on machinery that is run by electrical efficacy they are heavily dependent on the electricity preparation, with the electricity supply cut their production capacitor descends dramatic tout ensembley as well. Since most of Pakistani manufacturing industries lose the self generation ability hence this power outage is even more harmful to their business. So at last what ends up happening is that along with creating general distress among the public this power shortage reduces the production capacity of the warms and hence reduces the congeries suppl y.Aggregate supply can be defined as the tote up supply of costys and services that firms in a national economy plan on selling during a circumstantial time period. It is the total amount of goods and services that firms are pass oning to sell at a tending(p) monetary value direct in an economy. It is the total amount of goods and services that firms are departing to sell at a given worth direct in an economy. In the long run, the entirety-supply curve is assumed to be vertical In the short run, the aggregate-supply curve is assumed to be upward slanted SRAS (Short run aggregate consume) shows total planned create when prices in the economy can change but the prices and productivity of all factor inputs e.g. wage rates and the state of technology are assumed to be held constant. LRAS (Long run aggregate supply) shows total planned output when both prices and average wage rates can change it is a measure of a countrys potential output and the concept is linked strongly to that of the production possibility frontier The SRAS and LRAS can be graphically represented as followsSRASLRASNow what happens is that firms will beget to cut down their production process in order to effectively meet the costs incurred or it will come to a position of losses. The cutting down of the production process means diminish the supply of the firm. As a firm produces lesser than it did before, fewer workers will be needed because the wasted labor has been made redundant since fewer employees are instantaneously needed to produce lesser output. moreover, the firm can no longer afford to employ as many workers as it did before. Hence this will eventually give rise to over the course of time as many workers have will have to be laid off in industries due to low activity. This will invariably decrease the total consumption of the population because as the unemployment emergences the purchasing power of the people also falls.They are now earning fewer wages and the incom e effect will lead to a drastic decrease in the consumption. ingestion is one of the major contributors in the aggregate demand function. We define aggregate demand as the total demand for all goods and services produced in the economy at a given time and price level. It is the amount of goods and services in the economy that will be produced at all possible price levels. The aggregate demand is usually described as a linear sum of four separable demand sources.3WhereC = ConsumptionI = InvestmentG = Government Spending(X-M) = make Exports Net ImportsThe graph for AD is as followsIt is often cited that the aggregate demand curve is downward sloping because at lower price levels a greater quantity is demanded. While this is correct at the microeconomic, single good level, at the aggregate level this is incorrect. The aggregate demand curve is in fact downward sloping as a result of the Pigous wealth effect. Pigou effect is an economics term that refers to the stimulation of output and employment caused by increasing consumption due to a rise in real balances of wealth, in particular during deflation. Keynes said that a drop in aggregate demand could lower employment and the price level (deflationary depression).Hence it can besaid that any decrease in the consumption would bring nearly a fall in the aggregate demand. Consumer demand or consumption, that is also known as ad hominem consumption expenditure, is the largest part of aggregate demand or effective demand at the macroeconomic level. The interaction of the aggregate demand and aggregate supply gives us the market equilibrium. Now as has been previously pointed out, everyday power cuts will mean a cutting down of the production process which invariably brings roughly a decrease in the aggregate supply. What happens is that as aggregate supply decreases with the aggregate demand existence constant (as obviously people would still be demanding the same quantity of products) inflation will change magnitude as shown belowNow here we can see with AS moving to a virgin point as it decreases it is actually increasing the price level which results in inflation and as a result unemployment increases as well, because when there is inflation in the economy there is a rise in prices hence there is a fall in the demand of goods and services and the producers reduce their production level and as a result they end up decreasing the number of workers which means unemployment increases. Unemployment on the macroeconomic level is a property that the economy is operating below its full production capacity, this is a sign of inefficiency. Here we can see that inflation is playing a key role in determine the employment level. Hence well have a look at how load shedding gives rise to inflation. largeness is conventionally defined as a general increase in the level of prices in goods and services. unrivalled of the effects of inflation is a decrease in the value of money. During the course o f inflation income and prices do not increase at the same rate the purchasing power of the nation as a whole drops. One of the reasons of inflation is surplus amount of money which causes the prices to rise at an extremely high rate. different than that, another reason for inflation is the rise in the costs of production which in turn increases the prices of the products. Moreover inflation occurs when aggregate supply exceeds aggregate demand hence increasing the price level. In the background of load shedding though, we see that it has been a triggering stimulus for initiating inflation. The CPI inflation averaged 23.5 percent in July-February 2008-09 in Pakistan as against 8.9 percent in the comparable period of last year.The deficiency of push button sources is causing partake on the demand side of the economic picture causing an increase in the demand for energy sources as it has a huge effect on all spheres of economy of a nation having a primary influence on exertion lev el. The insufficiency of the available energy sources is causing the people to demand more electricity to meet their needs on the individual as well as industry level which in turn when observed in the context of graphical representation shows a liberation of the demand curve to the right causing a shift of the equilibrium position increasing the price level. (Demand-Pull Inflation) The increase in level of inflation has also been caused due to an increase in the cost of energy sources. The scarcity of the energy resources available to the industries is making them shift to other sources for the purpose of energy generation which in turn has caused their costs to sky rocket.Now, due to the heavy burden that everyone has to face in this state of affairs is causing a shift of the AS curve in terms of graphical representation of the scenario. The increase in the costs of production for the industries in turn affects the aggregate supply causing it to decline. This shift of the AS curv e to the left also then causes the equilibrium price level to rise, in turn aspiration up inflation in the society (Cost- Push Inflation). The power tariffs imposed would further increase the industrial input cost which is already very high making the products more expensive in the domestic as well as the international market. As far as the international market is concerned, the free-enterprise(a) edge of a country would be lost as their goods are more expensive in comparison to the other countries.

Role of Youth in Pakistani Politics Essay Example for Free

Role of Youth in Pakistani Politics EssayOverview of role of Pakistani early daysfulness in PoliticsIf we look at the history of Pakistani politics it has always been dominated by few families and dictators. Common man has suffered at the hands of aristocrats, and among those common manpower live the preadolescent men and women, who are spoken highly of The history tells us that political parties have always used the the youth to achieve their political targets save looking at the bigger picture, the role of youth in Pakistani politics has always been limited. Never has the true democracy be at the helm thanks to taint and substandard political infra-structure. Men with money, or sh each(prenominal)(prenominal) we say, the big players have always dominated the political playground.Amid all the hypocrisy, the youth has always been used as political horses. The Kings have used the horses to well effect but never have they empowered the resilient armed men Like pawns in a d eceiver game, the kings have used the youth to its benefit but never let it express itself. Sighs In new times, a hope arose in the shape of Youth Parliament. It created optimism, a fresh wave of breath. Young intellectuals were precondition importance, and it seemed finally Pakistan was on the verge of revolution. An in-house revolution, that would limiting the face of Pakistan on the political front. But the house never realized its potential. It was suppressed under the might of the wealthy parliamentarians.Quaid-e-Azams vision of PakistanQuaid-e-Azam saw youth as a major asset for the newly created state i.e. Pakistan and repeatedly emphasized the role of youth in Pakistani politics. He believed, youth was vital ingredient to take the country forward. His sayings reflect that he saw the young men and women as the leaders of the future. Pakistan is proud of her youth, particularly the students who have always been in the forefront in the hour of trial and need. You are the nat ions leaders of tomorrow and you must fully apparel yourself by discipline, education and training for the arduous task lying ahead of you. You should realise the magnitude of your responsibility and be ready to bear it. Muhammad Ali Jinnah. In the light of his saying, it is a fair assessment that he had a different vision of Pakistan in comparison with what the country has become.Read moreCurrent Political lieu of Pakistan EssayHe clearly suggested that youth of Pakistan were to be regarded as a major asset. Our current political system is not only sabotaged by the so called 54 families, but there is not a great deal hope that the current situation would change in the near future. An allocation of 1.6% of total GDP is a testimony of that We highlighted the major flaws in the education system of Pakistan, which need immediate addressing It is critical that the aristocrats of the nation comprehend the critical need to improve the current political and education situation at fed eral, provincial, and local levels. It is perhaps the only escape route available to move away from the current economic, socio-cultural, and political crisis.Despite the difficult situation, there has emerged another ray of hope, the ember had never died. The elections are not far away and each party has generateed their election campaign. While the only pleasant change in their campaigns this time around is that all the political parties have realized the importance of youth. The political power-houses are targeting them on a very expert note. Imran Khan has been back-rolling his election campaign on the base of youth favored policy and he has to be credited for his policies and thinking differently. Now is the time for youth to take the responsibility and play their role to change the conventional political system in Pakistan. So if we want to bring true revolution in Pakistan then our youth needs to participate and try hard to change this system. We hope that its a start of a new era A better era

Early Republic of America Essay Example for Free

beforehand(predicate) Republic of America EssayThe early history of early republic of America is made up of four key events that give the whole overview of this republic. That is the Alien and Sedition Acts Gabriels rebellion, Louisiana Purchase and the trash of 1812. They bring out the picture very clearly that is, how politics and nationhood emerged then how market economy emerged, territorial reserve expansion and the rise of slavery up to the time of the struggle of 1812. In a way severally event contri aloneed to the emergence of the other or the former set the stage for the later. The Alien and Sedation Acts came to be as a result of the bills that federalists passed on the congress in 1798. After John Adams signed them, they became laws. Its supporters believed it was meant to defend the lives of the Americans from attacks by citizens from enemy powers and also to prevent the government from being weakened by seditious confrontations a thing that was strongly opposed by the Democratic Republicans. These actually were from different laws which were referred to as alien and revolution acts.One of them prohibited publishing any malicious information about the government and its officials, the other unrivaled, allowed expatriate of aliens through to be a threat to the stability of the nation. The third one extended the duration that aliens were required to stay before they would become full citizens. It was extended from 5 years to 14 years. The last one authorized any alien resident from any country that was at war with America to be deported. This alien and sedition acts somehow triggered the slaves rebellion that was spear headed by Gabriel Prosser.He was a black American who worked as a slave. The act of 1798 which authorized peace breakers to be deported inspired Gabriel into causing derangement so that they could be deported to their mother countries. (Meinig D. W. 1993 68-82) This rebellion was also very timely as it conceded with the ti me when on that point was a hot argument between the Haitian slave revolt and the French revolution. He valued to take advantage of this situation. He wanted to lead this rebellion up to Richmond but they were delay by the rains.The masters had a premonition of the rebellion and so before it could take off but it was suppressed afterwards Gabriel was betrayed by his fellow slaves. He was questioned about the movement but he denied. His 24 followers, his two brothers and himself were hanged. The federal government of U. S. A was not much interested in Louisiana land but specifically they were interested in the New Orleans which was very useful to them in rapture U. S. A goods to and from Appalachian mountains. By this time, it was a Spanish colony.The Pinckneys agreement allowed Americans to transport various products resembling tobacco, pork, cider, cheese as well as butter. The treaty also allowed Americans to have navigation rights in the disseminated sclerosis river in 17 98, Spain cancelled this treaty but it was strengthened later after negotiations between America and Spain. In 1801 the territory was ruled by Don Mannel De Salcedo after taking control from Marques. A secret treaty was signed between Americans and French the territory would remain a Spanish colony until the power would in the end be transferred to the hands of the French.This eventually happened in 1803. This provoked a bitter reaction from the Democrat Republicans who well-grounded that buying Louisiana would make French citizens of U. S. A but with the Alien and Sedition Acts, the federalists were sure that nonentity would go wrong as anybody who would contravene the rule of law would be deported to their mother land without set ahead ado. The idea of selling of Louisiana to America by France was opposed by the foreign minister who held a different sentiment. He believed that it would hamper their mission on the Northern America.At this time the yellow pyrexia outbreak was gr eatly doing a big damage to Bonapartes army in Europe. He tried to make peace with United Kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland but Britains refusal to evacuate Malta provoked France to fight Britain. These circumstances forced France to stop its N. America plans and decided to sell it to the Americans. (Meinig D. W. 1993 68-82) It is this enmity between France and Britain that led to the war of 1812 which was fought between France, United Kingdom and the United States of America. It started between 1812-1814.The Americans joined the war on June 18th 1812 after Britain became a real threat to America. For example they included Americans into their navy they failed to maintain neutral trade and allegations that Britain was funding American Indians against American colonialists. Also another thing that led America to join the war because of its go for to expand its territory. In short, we can say that one event either directly or indirectly led to the other. The combination of these events are what made what was known as early republic of America. Reference Meinig D. W. The organization of America. Yale University Press. Volume 2. 1993 68-82.

Pros and Cons of exercising Essay Example for Free

Pros and Cons of physical exertion EssayQuestion 3 Do you agree that exercising is the only air to keep fit and healthy?When it comes to the the phrase a healthy lifestyle, umpteen people often think of the gym as the only way to keep your body in shape. It seems difficult for them to achieve, and is often seen very negatively. However, exercising is not the only way. In fact, there are many a(prenominal) shipway to keep fit and healthy, such as having a regular diet, having enough rest, and keeping a positive mindset. Having a regular diet is one of the simplest yet hardest way to keep fit. It requires one to put the way they eat, and be cautious of their food intake. However, it may not seem as difficult as it may seem to be. For example, fish and chips seems very unhealthy, but there are ways to off it healthier. cook it instead of deep-frying it, and just adding a few vegetables to go along with your meal would be an easy way to neutralize your unhealthy food. Make a few simple changes to your diet, and you would soon feel much healthier.To make sure your body has abundant energy to do your daily activities, having enough rest is very important. date you rest, your brain stays busy, and prepares you for the next day. Minimal deprivation of sleep takes a toll on your mood, energy, and baron to handle stress. Adults should sleep betweeen 6-7 hours each day. However, if one is not getting average sleep time, it is best to get word up on weekends where there is no work. Sleep should not be deprived of as it back affect your mental state, energy level and ability to focus.Lastly, having a postitive mindset can help kick upstairs ones morale or motivation spirit. When one is postive about his or her life, he or she would be able to solve obstacles they face with ease as they are able to find ways to solve their problems rather than just dwelling over it. This helps keep both the mind and brain healthy. sooner than thinking that life is unfair, on e should appreciate the many things that one has.

Causes of the French Revolution Essay Example for Free

Causes of the French Revolution EssayThe French Revolution of 1789 consisted of many aspects which take to the movement. Both long-term and immediate causes bequeathed to its triumph. The Enlightenment bestowed a new concept of government and society. America too influenced the nations controversial revolt.Many actions contributed to the French Revolution of 1789 according to an excerpt from Travels in France by Arthur Young. ( instrument 1) Observations made by this traveler from the years 1787 to 1789 encompass the immense taxing on those who were not nobles, the change magnitude price of bread making the peoples purchase of the resource inevitable and the insane prices of feudal dues. According to Document 2, a diagram of the three countrys in 1789, the relationship between the percentage of the population in from each one solid ground and the percentage of the land owned showed that the larger the population the more the land owned on the estate primarily focused toward the third estate. Inequitable circumstances subsisted in pre-revolutionary France, entailing the third estate approach much more of the taxes and fees than the other estates.In Document 3, excerpts from the cahiers listed the following demands made by the third estate in the French government reform of abuse and tyranny, equal taxation amongst all classes, taxes granted for a limited period, and votes taken per person within assembly.Another cause of the French Revolution of 1789 as convey by Lord Acton was due to the American influence. He suggested that the ideas of philosophers were not the cause of the epidemic, but that it was the contemplation provided by the Declaration of Independence. (Document 5)The following actions contributed to the success of the French movement. Each cause led to the uproar of the third estate that caused them to revolt. The documents mentioned above are verification of the involved causes. The causes led to an ambitious fight for rights resulted in what we know as the French Revolution of 1789.

Silk route Essay Example for Free

Silk road seeIn recent years, both the maritime and overland Silk Routes are again being used, often tight following the antediluvian routes. The Silk Routes (collectively known as the Silk Road) were important paths for cultural, commercial and technological exchange between barterrs, merchants, pilgrims, missionaries, soldiers, nomads and urban dwellers from Ancient China, Ancient India, Ancient Tibet, Persia and Mediterranean countries for almost 3,000 ears.Extending 4,000 miles, the routes enabled people to transport goods, especially luxuries such as slaves, silk, satin and other fine fabrics, musk, other perfumes, spices, medicines, Jewels, glassware and notwithstanding rhubarb, as well as serving as a conduit for the spread of knowledge, ideas, cultures and diseases between different parts of the world (Ancient China, Ancient India, Asia Minor and the Mediterranean). Trade on the Silk Road was a significant factor In the suppuration of the great clvlllzatlons of Ch ina, India, Egypt, Persia, Arabia and Rome, and In several view elped lay the foundations for the modern world.Although the term the Silk Road implies a continuous Journey, very few who traveled the route traversed it from end to end. For the most part, goods were transported by a series of agents on varying routes and were traded in the bustling mercenary markets of the oasis towns For More Into, Please see tnese llnKs 1 . http//library. thinkquest. org/13406/sr/ 2. http//www. spongobongo. com/zy9985. htm 3. http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Silk_Road Silk Road The Silk Road is a historically important international trade route between China and he Mediterranean.Because silk comprised a large counterpoise of trade along this road, in 1877, it was named the Silk Road by Ferdinand von Richthofen, an eminent German geographer. Xian Terracotta Warriors Culture The road is not only an ancient international trade route, but also a splendid cultural duad liking the cultures of China, India, Persia, Arabia, Greek and Rome. The Four Great Inventions of China and religions of the West were introduced into their counterparts. History From the time Zhang Qian opened up the world-famous Silk Road during he Han Dynasty, until the collapse of the Yuan Dynasty, it enjoyed a history of about 1 ,600 years.Route This ancient road begins at Changan (now Xian), then by way of the Hexi Corridor, and it reaches Dunhuang, where it divides into ternary, the Southern Route, Central Route and Northern Route. The three routes spread all over the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and then they extend as far as Pakistan, India and even Rome. Other roads In fact, besides the Silk Road in the northwest of China, there are other two trade roads in the southwest of China and by sea, which also ontributed greatly to the development of the world.They are called the Southern Silk Road and the Silk Road on the Sea. Crescent Lake, Dunhuang, Gansu Scenery along the Road The setting and sights alon g the Silk Road are spectacular and intriguing. There are well-known Mogao Caves (Mogao Grottoes) in Dunhuang, the bustling sunlight Bazaar in Kashgar and exotic customs in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and more Silk Road embark There are all kinds of tour plans for traveling the world-famous road. TravelChinaGuide provides many tour lines for visitors to experience the adventures of this ancient trade road.Recommenaea lours Classical Silkroad Tour 14 Days capital of Red China Urumqi Kashgar Urumqi Turpan Dunhuang Xian Shanghai In-depth Adventure 22 Days Beijing Urumqi Korla Kuqa Aksu Kashgar Hettan Minfeng Korla Turpan Dunhuang Xian Shanghai More Silk Road Tours Tips It is necessary for tourists be aware of some travel essentials when they are on the road, such as weather, food, drink, accommodation, transportation and customs of minorities. Here provides detailed information about them. Pictures The pictures show the sensational scenery of this time-honored trade route.

A Rose for Emily - Poem Interpretation Essay Example for Free

A Rose for Emily Poem Interpretation EssayThe novel of William Faulkner A Rose for Emily recounts a part of the past in the life of Miss Emily Grierson and the society in a town of Jefferson later on the Civil War. We can watch the intriguing story of a young woman when she is changing from nice and likable young lady to a hermit- the like individual, a burden and nuisance for the hoi polloi and authority of the town. She lived in a gorgeous but rundown house without any major troubles, like paying taxes for example, which was settled (established?) in 1894 with the Mayor, when she couldnt afford it. When the change in the office came the tax collectors started inquire her to pay the debt to no avail. There was a silent war going on for long time mingled with Emily and the town people until she fully retreated to her house after the death of her father.There is a short(p) time of romance when Emily met a man and the fear of being abandoned made her crazy to a point where she tried to keep him for herself with the little help of arsenic. This was the last time he was seen alive. People surmise something bad happened but with no evidence there was nothing they could do about it. Only after her death they entered one of the rooms on the second floor and discovered what took place 40 years earlier. Her lover was asleep in a bed, still in nightclothes.Next to him, on the pillow, Emilys border of hair. The author tries to go deeper into dark, psychological side of American Goth, going away from its basic ideas like obsessed houses, castles, deaths, ailments (diseases), madness, curse, etc. The end of the novel is startling, giving a reader quite a criminal issue sample, where the guilty got away with the crime. The question Is it possible to commit a crime with no consequences? lingers in the air. agree to the author apparently yes. In his times. It is doubtful that an incident like that could happen in present times, even we still have shocking stor ies in the news that occur every day and still cannot debate how human mind can lead a person to do heinous crimes.

How death penalty can prevent repeat offenders

How ending penalisation dope prevent repeat offendersSentence to close penalisation seldom arises in lamentable cases like murder, robbery with violence, forgery amongst others. This paper shall look into How cobblers last penalisation can prevent repeat offenders, how it provides justice, how it acts as deterrent when properly implemented, the costs associated to the victims and the offenders and finally how the suppose adequate justice process associated with it affect or help the offended.Origin of final stage penaltyThis is dated screening to 18th century, in the code of king Hammaurabi of Babylon that involved stopping point penalty of 25 different cases. devastation penalty was as well part of 14th Century B.Cs Hittite Code, this made close penalty as the punishment for crimes, and such were done with beating, stoning, and burning alive and other crude methods1. This was later(prenominal) replaced with hanging. The cases that led to death penalties included m arrying a Jew, failure to confess sins and treason these mainly took place in Britain.In Britain, this law was reformed due to severity of the death sentence this took place in1823 to 1837 by allowing a number of offenders free. Britain influenced America to adopt the capital punishment even for the slightest crime like stealing the grapes .Though in US it varied from state to state.A leading Case of death PenaltyIn Clark tour of duty Court, a case involving a 23 year old Christian and her 11 month baby. These were allegedly murdered by Zachariah the husband and the father of the victims. He stuffed the two in a plastic bag. postmortem revealed the wife was strangled to death and the child died surface of suffocation. Meanwhile Zachariah was show up on supervised probation on charges of burglary2. He admitted to fork up committed the crime pled guilty of three counts of murder, and was sentence to bread and butter duress with no parole on count, life impoundment with no par ole on count, and 65 years of imprisonment on a fixed term on count. cobblers last Penalty prevents future offenders or murderersThe guild must lead in fighting for the fundamental rights and freedom of people and this include right to life and thereof anyone sieveing to take this away should be capitally punished to avoid those prospecting to commit the same3. fit to a report by Michigan State University Lab and Death Penalty Information Centre, 2000 -2004.The order of murders reduces with more convictions of murderers. Though the slow process of justice delays determination of the case affecting the outcome death penalties need to be fast to be a sure way of deterring the criminals. Ironically, few states do not have death penalties and still record lower criminal cases, but this should not be utilise as an argument for this vice. This, if allowed for example in the U.S things can be worst in that even with death penalties crime runs are still high. Generally, this report concludes that most people fear death and so death penalty can be personad to prevent further criminal acts in the society.Death Penalty does not prevent future offenders or murderersIn the above report, it is believed that the society isnt happy with death penalties, and hence its practice may increase the likelihood of more murders. In America, states that do not expend the death penalties have generally lower crime rates including murder cases. Besides, in most European countries and in Canada there are fewer cases of murder compared to the America yet they do not use the death penalty as the capital punishment for murder. Most of the offenders normally do not consider the death penalty before the actual murder because they commit this out of anger or through drug influence. In America it is reported that most the murder related cases are link to core group abuse. Infact, most states in America have adopted the sentence of life in jail without parole, and hence the offender s will never be released thereby the security of the society is assured, most of whom tend to settle overthrow in life as prisoners and are rarely a threat again to the community, as impertinent to death penalty that society perceive to be brutal and in human.Alternatives to death penaltyThe death penalty has been an issue of great concern among most of the Americans and policymakers have been trying to devise alternatives. The various alternatives have been contested heavily by both the proponents and the opponents. However, there is an overarching concern among most of the America and that the death penalty must be dispensed with and this emanates from both the moral and jural platforms. According to opinion polls carried out in America today there a strong support for the abolition of the death penalty and most of the Americans are advocating for its abolition. The death penalty has been blamed for being employ as a shaft of light of racial injustice in the criminal justice system.Alternatives to death penalty include life imprisonment without parole and takings, this is less costly than death sentence an keeps the offender away from the society. Restitution, the prisoner will be working while in jail and all the money made goes back to support the family of the victim. some other solution though, controversial is allowing the offenders after serving the jail term to go back to the society where they extend working in the community to support victims family post-release restitution. Rehabilitation or reformatories can also be puke in place, this has been used to reform young offenders under the age of twenty turning their lives around4. It is as well suggested to be applied to reform the older offenders.Costs of death penaltyPrivately openhearted a capital offence is expensive and hence the poor may not be able get justice, tax money is also used to keep offenders in jail of whom some may be innocent. Most of the offenders and their relatives su ffer emotional stress during the slow justice process5. The death penalty is regarded as an excessive to law and is favorablely and morally degrading.RecommendationsLife is regarded extremely sacred in the society, this does not matter how one kills another. Hanging one in name of crime, however much it could be legal sparks debate. The alternative death penalties described in this paper should not be used by offenders as a gap to commit crime. I still recommend stiffer penalties that could help deter further criminal activities.The rehabilitation and reformation recommendations is a good idea because in most cases under -age offenders involved in such crimes may have acted oblivious of the outcome or accidentally and hence this opportunity can be used to mould their character other than throwing them to jail on the contrary , this should not used as a correction tool to adult murderers.Life imprisonment without parole and restitution may be another noble alternative but it may pre sent a lop-hole in post-release restitution where the offenders if not supervised well could revert to their usual criminal act.ConclusionThis paper has generally discussed death sentence and its results in the society in broader terms. The main issue that, compromises this situation is the enaction of the idea in some countries or states while others do not see it as a good way for correcting a criminal. The option taken by a nation to deter murder should not go against the social ethics or believe that life is God given.Both schools of thoughts against or for death penalty should try to reach a common ground to avoid escalarating criminal activities or increasing mortality rate by either failing to create measures to curb illegality or hanging the murderers respectively.However one fact stands out from the debate, that the death penalty has failed to achieve the intended results that it was intended to and as a result there is a general need for its complete abolition.

Overview of Cryptography and Encryption Techniques

Overview of Cryptography and Encryption TechniquesWhat is cryptographyCryptography is the discipline of cryptography and cryptanalysis and of their interaction. The word cryptography is derived from the Greek words Kryptos means concealed, and graphien means to inscribe. It is the science of keeping riddles unknown. One mark of cryptography is protecting a reclusive from adversaries. Professional cryptography protects non simply the plain textbook, solely also the make and more(prenominal)(prenominal) generally tries to protect the whole cryptosystem. Cryptographic primitives heap be assort into dickens classes lineed primitives and non-keyed primitives as in the figure. The fundamental and classical task of cryptography is to provide confidentiality by encoding methods. Encryption (also called enciphering) is the process of scrambling the contents of a message or file to make it ambiguous to from each one i not in possession of key key required to unscramble the file or message. Providing confidentiality is not the only objective of cryptography. Cryptography is also employ to provide solutions for opposite problems Data integrity, Authentication, Non-repudiation.Encryption methods can be divided into two categories substitution ciphers and transposition ciphers. In a substitution cipher the earn of plaintext argon replaced by other letters or by symbols or numbers. Replacing plaintext bit innovation with cipher text bit patterns is involved in substitution when plaintext is viewed as a sequence of bits. telephone exchange ciphers preserve the order of plaintext symbols but disguise them. Transposition ciphers, do not disguise the letters, instead they reorder them. This is achieved by playing some sort of permutation on the plaintext letters. There argon two eccentric of encoding bilateral(private/secert) encryption key and a harmonious(public) key encryption. ceremonious encryption modelA conventional encryption model can be illu strated as assigning Xp to represent the plaintext message to be transmitted by the originator. The parties involved select an encryption algorithmic rule stand for by E. the parties agree upon the secret key represented by K. the secret key is distributed in a tighten manner represented by SC. Conventional encryptions effectiveness rests on keeping the secret. Keeping the key secret rests in a large on key distribution methods. When E process Xp and K, Xc is derived. Xc represents the cipher text output, which will be decrypted by the recipient. Upon receipt of Xc, the recipient uses a decryption algorithm represented by D to process Xc and K back to Xp. This is represented in the figure. In conventional encryption, privateness of the encryption and decryption algorithm is not ask. In fact, the use of an established well known and tried algorithm is desirable over an obscure implementation. This brings us to the topic of key distribution. cryptographyCode devising involves t he creation of encryption products that provide protection of confidentiality. Defeating this protection by some mens other than the standard decryption process used by an intended recipient is involved in economy breaking. Five scenarios for which code breaking is used. They are selling cracking product and services, spying on opponents, ensure ragibility, pursuing the intellectual aspects of code breaking and testing whether ones codes are strong enough. Cryptanalysis is the process of attempting to identify either the plaintext Xp or the key K. discovery of the encryption is the most desired one as with its discovery all the subsequent messages can be deciphered. Therefore, the space of encryption key, and the volume of the computational work necessary provides for its length i.e. resistance to breakage. The protection get stronger when key size increases but this requires more brute force. Neither encryption scheme conventional encryption nor public key encryption is more res istant to cryptanalysis than the other.Cryptographic goalsHowever, there are other natural cryptographic problems to be resolved and they can be equally if not important depending on who is attacking you and what you are trying to secure against attackers. Privacy, authentication, integrity and non-repudiation are the cryptographic goals covered in this text.These three concepts form what is often referred to as the CIA tierce? The three notations represents the basic security objectives for both data and for information and computing services. FIPS PUB 199 provides a utilitarian characterization of these objectives in terms of requirements and the definition of a loss of security in each syndicateConfidentiality Preserving authorized restrictions on information access and disclosure, together with means for shielding personal secrecy and secure material. A damage of privacy is the illegal disclosure of information.Integrity Guarding against improper information modification or destruction, and includes ensuring information non-repudiation and authenticity. A loss of integrity is the unauthorized modification of information.Availability Ensuring timely and reliable access to and use of information. A loss of availability is the disruption of access to an information system.Although the use of the CIA tried to regulate security objectives is well established, some in the security field feel that additional concepts are needed to present a complete picture. Two of the most commonly mentioned areAuthenticity The property of beingness genuine and being able to be verified and trusted confidence in the validity of a transmission, a message, or message originator.Accountability The security goal that turn overs the requirement for actions of an entity to be traced uniquely to that entity. generally there are two types key present1 isobilateral-key2 Asymmetric-keySymmetric key encryptionThe universal proficiency for providing confidentiality for transmitted d ata is symmetric encryption. Symmetric encryption is also known as conventional encryption or single-key encryption was the only type of encryption in use precedent to the introduction of public-key encryption. Countless individuals and groups, from Julius Caesar to the German U-boat force to present-day diplomatic, military and commercial users, use symmetric encryption for secret communication. It remains by far the more widely used of the types of encryption. A symmetric encryption scheme has five ingredients as follows-Plaintext This is the original data or message that is fed into the algorithm as input.Encryption algorithm the encryption algorithm performs various transformations and substitutions on the plaintext.Secret key The secret key is input to the encryption algorithm. The exact transformations and substitutions performed by the algorithm depend on the key.Ciphertext This is the scrambled message produced as output. It depends on the plaintext and the secret key. For a given message, two dissentent keys will produce two different ciphertexts.Decryption algorithm This is reserve process of encryption algorithm. It takes the ciphertext and secret key and produces the original plaintext.Symmetric key encryption is shown in fig.There are two necessities for protected use of symmetric encryptionWe need a strong encryption algorithm.Sender and receiver must have secured obtained, keep secure, the secret key.Stream CiphersThe stream ciphers encrypt data by generating a key stream from the key and performing the encryption operation on the key stream with the plaintext data. The key stream can be any size that matches the size of the plaintext stream to be encrypted. The ith key stream digit only depends on the secret key and on the (i-1) previous plaintext digits. Then, the ith ciphertext digit is obtained by combining the ith plaintext digit with the ith key stream digit. One desirable property of a stream cipher is that the ciphertext be of the same length as the plaintext. Thus, a ciphertext output of 8 bits should be produced by encrypting each character, if 8-bit characters are being transmitted. infection capacity is wasted, if more than 8 bits are produced. However, stream ciphers are vulnerable to attack if the same key is used twice ormore.Block CiphersA block ciphers fragments the message into blocks of a predetermined size and performs the encryption function on each block with the key stream generated by cipher algorithm. Size of each block should be fixed, and leftover message fragments are padded to the appropriate block size. Block ciphers differ from stream ciphers in that they encrypted and decrypted information in fixed size blocks rather than encrypting and decrypting each letters or word individually. A block ciphers passes a block of data or plaintext through its algorithm to generate a block of ciphertext.Asymmetric Key CryptosystemsIn Asymmetric Key Cryptosystems two different keys are used a secret key a nd a public key. The secret key is kept covert by the proprietor and public key is openly known. The system is called asymmetric since the different keys are used for encryption and decryption, the public key and private key.If data is encrypted with a public key, it can be decrypted only by using the corresponding private key. Public Key Encryption shown in fig.Classical encryption techniquesThe technique enables us to illustrate the basic approaches to conventional encryption today. The two basic components of classical ciphers are transposition and substitution. Combination of both substitution and transposition is described in others systems.Substitution techniquesIn this technique letters of plaintext message are placed by symbols and numbers. If plaintext is in the form of a sequences of bits, then modify plaintext bit patterns with ciphertext bit patterns.Transposition techniquesTransposition instantly moves the position around within it but does not alter any of the bits i n the plaintext. If the military issueant ciphertext is then put through more transpositions, the end result has increasing security.

History of and Importance of Handwashing

History of and Importance of turn over washingIntroduction cut into backwash is the removal of micro-organisms from pass aways using running water or alcohol rub or gel (Brooker and Waugh, 2007). It is the most effective way of controlling the spread of infectious diseases in hospitals and populated beas. The tegument is a vital part of the body that acts as a demarcation between internal and international environment and hence should be kept clean all the time to prevent harmful micro-organisms from ingress our bodies (Merchant, 2001). These micro-organisms on the skin stinker either be resident or transient. Resident micro-organisms similarly called public flora are harmless and provide protection against colonization by transient organisms and are non transferred from one person to the former(a), however they may cause problems if the skin is damaged or if the immune trunk is weak (Carroll, 2001). Transient micro-organisms are transferred from one person to the early( a) and hence are capable of spreadhead infections (Carroll, 2001). Hands can appear as if they are clean yet they are contaminated with bacteria, therefore it is always good practice to wash reach regularly. Staff members can pass infectious diseases to endurings and patients can overly pass diseases to staff members or other patients. Since this is a major issue the author ordain review hand slipstream as a means of reducing the spread of infections. The review looks at why hand dry wash is chill out an important matter its historical perspectives, right hand wash techniques, and the benefits it can bring to patients if practiced properly.The historical background of hand washing explains clearly that most wellness professionals are found to be the most usual transporters of the bacteria to patients, even though they know that the cloak-and-dagger of controlling infections is proper hand hygiene. The production of hand washing placids dates back from as early as the 1 9th century when in 1822, Labarraque, a French pharmacist carried out experiments to demonstrate that liquid chloride solutions could successfully eradicate the smell coming from human dead bodies (Safe Care Campaign, 2007). In 1825, Labarraque then recommended the use of these chemicals in hospitals by doctors handling people with contagious diseases in order to moisten their work force but no one followed the instructions (Safe Care Campaign, 2007). In 1846, Dr Ignaz Semmelweis did research on why the defend where medical students were operative had a high rate of demolitions in comparison to the ward were qualified midwives were working. The results showed that medical students who were having their lectures were rushing to the ward without washing their hands. Instead of washing their hands they were going straight to the patient in the ward. As soon as the error was fixed the death rate started to decline (Advanced Scientific Health, 2010). Recently a story was published by Pfizer limited which showed an increase in MRSA infections. It is believed that 9% of patients in hospitals in England (About 100,000 people per family) shake up healthcare associated Infections, many of which are due to MRSA. There are between 6,000 and 7,000 MRSA bloods stream Infections each year in patients in NHS hospitals in England. In 2005 in England and Wales, 1,629 deaths Certificates mentioned MRSA as a contributory factor and MRSA was cited as the main cause of death in 467 of these cases (Pfizer limited, 2009). With this high rate of current MRSA cases in hospitals it is imperative that patients in hospitals, their families and their carers have the correct information available to them so that they know the risks of not adhering to proper hand washing techniques when they are in hospitals.Hand washing TechniqueThe NHS is encouraging all health professionals to practice proper techniques of washing hands. It is argued that the more emphasis mental strained on this message, the more effective it becomes. The technique of proper hand washing is very essential in any health care setting. The routine or hearty hand washing technique mainly emphasizes on thorough washing of hands using liquid easy lay and running water for 15 to 20 seconds without missing any part. It is recommended to use liquid soap delivered from a dispenser as compared to bar soap as the latter may be contaminated by the previous user or the surrounding atmosphere (Carroll, 2001). The diagram in figure 1 in apprentices section below shows most parts of the hands that are frequently missed during hand washing (Nazarko, n.d). These areas that are missed during hand washing may harbor micro-organisms that will then spread to other patients. There is no specific time that is recommended to wash hands. Hands are washed depending on a specific task. Health workers are advised to wash their hands when starting or finishing their shift. several(prenominal) activities such as wound dressing are prone to bringing bacteria to patients and therefore, hand washing should be practiced regularly. Nurses must make sure that they wash their hands before and afterwards they follow another patient and to a fault whenever there is any contact of blood and body fluids or after removal of gloves. It is also advised to wash hands before and after eating and drinking and also after visiting the toilet (Wilson, 2006). Micro-organisms are very tiny such that they cannot be seen with a in the altogether eye. Therefore, it is encouraged to maintain have short nails as longer ones easily accommodate micro-organisms that may be difficult to remove during hand washing. The areas under the watches, rings and bracelets also harbor millions of bacteria therefore it is also advised not to wear these in hospitals (Gould, 2009). Nurses are also encouraged to wear short- sleeved clothes. proficient developments have also led to the introduction of next generation ultraviolet light bas ed readying kits which are being manufactured by a company called Glowtec. These kits are utilise to check if the hands have been properly washed before attending to a patient (Glowtec, n.d). This form of hand washing technique is used to see a microscopic dirty surface that cannot be seen by a naked eye therefore improving the control of the infections.Hygienic Hand disinfection is another technique that is used to remove or destroy transient organisms from the skin by washing hands with an antiseptic such as chlorhexidine gluconate, iodine or triclosan for 15-30 seconds and should be carried out before aseptic procedures or during a pandemic situation (Carroll, 2001). The diagram in figure 2 of the appendices section below shows how to wash all areas of the hands to remove any visible contamination of the hands and also to effectively remove transient organisms (Nazarko, n.d)operative hand wash is also another technique that is used during surgery which involves the scraping or brushing of the nails with a unfruitful nail brush, washing hands and forearms with an antiseptic for a minimum of 2 transactions and then drying with a sterile towel (Carroll, 2001). This technique therefore removes transient organisms and reduces the levels of resident organisms.Hand drying is also another vital technique that involves using paper towels, the warm air dryer or sterile towels. This procedure is very important because micro-organisms are spread from one person to the other easily in wet conditions than in dry conditions and drying also reduces the risk of developing sore dry skin (Gould, 2009).Benefits to PatientsPatients are the most vulnerable people who are supposed to be taken good care of in a health setting they benefit a lot from hand washing program. It prevents them from cross infection disease among themselves and those who are in care of them (BMJ, 2010). Hand washing is a process that brings hope and authorization to a patient. The patient is likely to recover better. But if a patient is in pain he or she is likely to develop physical or mental problems. If the patient is affected mentally he or she is prone to depression therefore it means the patient would develop infection due to stress environment. Another benefit of hand washing is short stay in hospital, which will enhance the well-disposed and economic (no loss of wages) part of a patients life. Eventually this would improve the quality life of a patient. Hand Hygiene Policy (2010)According to Hillingdon Annual Public Health Report 2004 a lot of death can be avoided by hand hygiene, especially those disease caused by MRSA and again a patient is also able to escape isolation in hospitals. Since patients with serious MRSA are sometimes isolated from other patients because of fear of infecting others. Therefore hand washing scheme enhances the well being of a patient.Conclusion in the end the best way of decreasing infectious diseases to patients is hand wash hygiene. Acco rding to one of the pioneers of hand wash Dr Semmelweis death rates in hospitals can be lessened if all health professionals follow the brain of handwash. Pathogens and bacteria that are found on hands are said to be the most austere causes of infectious diseases unless they are decontaminated by using proper hand technique patients would still suffer the resembling fate of olden days. According to my opinion hand washing has been discovered long time past as a main factor of causing infectious diseases but up to now it is still not practiced in a proper way. If each nurse as an individual and those in care underpin the scheme of hand technique in an appropriate manner, they can be a massive change that can bring safety and trust to patients, their families, and friends and even to nurses themselves. Therefore children must be educated on how and when to wash their hands starting from the toddlers so that they can get used to the pattern as they grow up. More education training is needed to all health professional on regular basis. If every step of hand washing is followed according to rules and regulations there can be a drastic change in all health care settings.